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In 1890, Pope Leo XIII, in his encyclical Catholicae Ecclesia, praises Lavigerie’s energy and notorious apostolic zeal.

In 1892, Lavigerie dismisses the pioneers of the Sahara. There were 21 brothers in all in Ouargla and Biskra. 9 asked to enter the Society as Brothers. The others returned to their country of origin.

I myself and the Work appeal not only to faith but we address ourselves to reason, to justice, to respect, to the love of freedom “this supreme good of man” as Leo XIII said (Encyclical “In Plurimis”, 5 May 1888, to the bishops of Brazil on the abolition of slavery in their country). “I am a man, and nothing of what is human is foreign to me.” Injustice towards other men revolts my heart, the oppression, the cruelty against such a great number of my fellow beings; what I would like done to restore to me freedom, honour, the sacred goods of family, I want them done to restore to the sons of this unfortunate Africa.

Slavery exists in all its forms in Africa: trafficking with its manhunt and public markets, indigenous and traditional slavery and, under the name of freedom, the “Free workers”, that is to say, subject to the yoke for a time instead of being so for ever…